Process of uniting metallic and fibrous bodies



April 28, 1925. 1,535,134

G. o. RocKwooD ET AL PROCESS OF UNITING METALLIC AND FIBROUS BODIES Filed May: l5 1924 INVENTORS. G50/vs: 0. fom/waan. 4Lou/J C. FHA/1.).

BY Jeff/v W, .SKELLEK ATTORNEYS.

Patented Apr. 28, 1925.

UNITED STATES P if F F i GEORGE 0. ROCKWOOD, LOUIS C. MCANLY, AND JOHN W. SKELLEY, INDIANAPOLIS,

INDIANA, ASSIG-NORS TO THE ROCKWOOD MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF IN- DIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, A CORPORATION. I

RO'CESS OF UNITING- METALLIC AND FIBROUS BODIES.

Application med tray 15, 1924. serial No. 713,463.

To aZZwzom t may concern.

Be it known that we, GEORGE O. Rooi(- woon. Louis C. MCANLY, and JOHN W'. SKEL- Lnv. citizens of the United States. and resili@ dents of Indianapolis. county of Marion, and State of Indiana. have invented a certain new and useful Process of Uniting Metallic and Fibrous Bodies; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full. clear. and exact 10 description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. iu which like numerals refer to like parts.

This invention relates to a proeess of uniting metallic and fibrous bodies. such as l@ occasioned by the manufacture of pulleys or similar articles wherein it is desired to provide a metallic hub or bearing for securing the parts together and supporting them about a spindle or shaft.

1Whereas heretofore it has been the practice to first form a metallic hub or bearing member and thereafter mount the same in connection with the outer shell to be supported, it is the object of this invention to W form the metallic hub or bearing member by die casting the metal in the outer shell,

the latter providing the mold therefor.

By this process or method of die casting the hub or bearingmember directly in the 30 shell as a mold, many operations of assemblin finishing, and attaching the parts are eliminated, thereby greatly reducing the cost of manufacturing articles of this character.

From the following description of the invention. it will be observed that in die casting the metallic hub or bearing member directly in the outer shell so thatthe metal is forced into the fibrous surface under suffit@ cient pressure to penetrate into the pores or irregularities therein, the said hub or metallic portion will be securely united or bonded with the shell oriibrous material and may also be formed with flanged ends and a M leyway if desired so that upon the casting bemg removed the product will be finished excepting for the usual vbufling, etc.

Another advantage ofthe invention applies particularly to the manufacture of Stia , paper lpulleys wherein the pulley shell is formed of a plurality of annular discs or rings which are clamped together. By reason of the die casting process the paper rings forming the outer shell of the pulley will be tightly secured together and held in fixed relation with each other to form a unitary structure. by reason of the metal being forced into and solidifying in the ibrous surfaces of the rings as well as being cast about theends of the pulley for further maintaining them in clamping position. Furthermore the formation of the metal in the fibrous surfaces of the rings will bind the rings and shell to the hub or bearing member so as to prevent any relative movement therebetween either longitudinally or anuularly.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings and the following description and claims:

Fig. l shows a plurality of paper pulley forming rings mounted in position to receive the die casting. Fig 2 is a section taken on the line 2&2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the pulley after the die casting operation. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the pulley after being turned down and dressed. Fig. 6 is a modied form showing a perspective View of a plurality of paper pulley forming discs clamped together and grooved on the innerperiphery for providing an innerlocking keyway with thel metal to be die cast therein.

In the drawing there is shown a portion of a die casting machine for the purpose of illustrating the manner of die casting a metallic hub or bearing member in a pulley shell which acts as a mold therefor. Mounted onthe frame of the machine there is a back plate 10 which is held rigidly in adjustable position by suitable means, said plate being provided with a plurality of holes, through which the bolt 11 may extend for securing in position a laterally projecting core l2.

The core l2 is of the diameter desired for the bore of the metallic hub or bearing member and likewise of the desired length there of. Projecting from the surface of the core 12 and extending longitudinally thereon mensions for forming the key receiving f 'groove in the inner-surface of the hub. On the end of .the core adjacent to the bracket l() there is a head 14 of substantially greater diameter than the hub orA bearing member, the surface of said head adjacent the core 12 being provided with a recess 15 for forming one of the end flanges 16- on the hub.

Opposite thefbracket 10 and spaced therefrom there is mounteda movable metal dis charge nozzle plate 17 which embodies the metal discharge orifices 18 therein. Said plate is movably mounted `on the frame of the machine and actuated in the customary manner which need not be described herein. The orifices 18 are opened and closed by a suitable valve 19 so that the molten metal contained within the plate 17 may be discharged through the orifices 18 when the valve 19 is turned to open position. The plate 17 is provided with an annular recess 2O for formin on the casting a flange 21 adaptedto emrace the opposite end of the pulley from the flange 16. The said plate is further provided with a centering recess 22 for receiving the free end of the core l2'. A suitable supporting rack 23 which is adjustably mounted with respect to the core 12, said rack being arranged to receive a plurality ofannular paper discs or rings 24 for forming the shell of the pulley. The annular surface of said discs or rings are of appreciably larger diameter' than the core 12 and the rack is so arranged as to maintain them in concentric spaced relation to said core. The variation in the inner diameter of the rings or discs 24. or their relative pos1t1on in respect to each other in mounting the same over the core, gives an uneven inte-rior surface surrounding said core,

which as hereinafter explained, will cause them to be more firmly formed together or locked with the`hub or bearing member to be formed therein. n

Aftersuitable rings or discsy 2A have been placed. 1n position over the core 12, the clamplng plate 17 is brought into engagement therewith so as to firmly clamp them together and force them against the head 14 and back late 20 under high pressure. Upon the p ate 17 being brought into such clamplng position, the valve 19 islopened and suitable die casting metal is forced under high pressure through the orifices 18 into the space between the shell and the core 12. As 4shown in Fig. 1 it will be observed. that the metal will be forced into the recess 15 for forming the end flange 16. It will also be forced into any irregularities or pores in the fibrous surface of the shell so as to penetrate into the fibrous pores as well as to form interlocking recesses and proyections therein. The metal surrounds the key 12 so that a suitable keyway will be formed therein and will finally be forced into the recess 20 for formingthe 4flange 21. Upon the discharge of metal being completed and the valve 19 closed, and the metal having been suiliciently cooled to become hard and set, the clamping plate 17 is moved away and the completed structure as shown in Fig.` 4 is removed from the core 12. Thereafter the paper pulley shell'is dressed down to the .desired diameter and sha e, and the end flanges 21 are buffed whic completes all operations with respect to the puley as shown in Fig. 5.

In event it is desired to employ a key in addition to the uniting and bonding of the materials, the-shell 24 as shown in the modified form illustrated iby Fig. 6-'may be set up and provided in any suitable manner with the keyway 125, after which it may be placed on the supporting rack as above described, the metal being caused to flow into the keyway 125 for providing the interlocking key between the shell and hub or bearing member. l

It will be understood that whereas the above process or method of manufacturing fibre pulleys has been described in detail the same method or principle may be employed with respect to other structures whereby it is desired to unite and bond fibre and metal such as libre rollers, casters, handles, and the like, without departing from this invention. i x

The invention claimed is:

1.` The recess of uniting metallic and fibrous bodies consisting of forcing molten metal into the fibrous body under sufficient pressure to Vpenetrate into the pores of said fibrous body and form a bond therewith.

2. The process of uniting a plurality of fibrous laminations, consisting of holding said laminations together so as to provide a laminated fibrous body, and casting metal under pressure in said body as a form, so that the metal will unite with the fibrous lamlilnations and bond them togetherV therewit 3. The process of producing an article of manufacture having a hollow body portion of fiber and a metallic inner facing, consisting of die-casting the metal under pressure into the hollow fiber body portion so as to cause the metal to penetrate the fibrous surface thereof and unite and bond therewith.

4. The process of producing an article of manufacture having a hollow body portion of fiber, consisting in seeming together a plurality of fiber discs, forming a bore or opening extendingtherethrough, and diecasting a suitable metal under pressure in said o ening so as to unite and bond with mams@ A la plurality pf paper (lisas together, provid- 'bien of the article will be permanently mg an opening extending' therethrough, and bound together.

ldiecast-ing :i suitable metal under pressure ln witness whereof, we have hereunto af- 10 into Saul opening so that the engaging surfixed our signatures.

faces thereof \\ill-per111eute the fibrous por- GEORGE 0. ROCKWOGD. lions of the hmly surface und unile and bond LOUS C. MCANLY. therewith, whereby the discs und metal poi'- JQHN W. SKELLEY. 

